In contemporary scholarly circles there has been must discussion over the development of orthodoxy in the early church stemming primarily from the Bauer-Ehrman thesis, that argues for theological diversity as a staple of the not only the early church but the New Testament itself. Köstenberger and Kruger seek to challenge this by presenting the historic and scripture case against this position.

"In the beginning was Diversity. And the Diversity was with God, and the Diversity was God. Without Diversity was nothing made that was made. And it came to pass that nasty old 'orthodox' people narrowed down diversity and finally squeezed it out, dismissing it as heresy. But in the fullness of time (which is of course our time), Diversity rose up and smote orthodoxy hip and thigh. Now, praise be, the only heresy is orthodoxy. As widely and as unthinkingly accepted as this reconstruction is, it is historical nonsense: the emperor has no clothes. I am grateful to Andreas Köstenberger and Michael Kruger for patiently, carefully, and politely exposing this shameful nakedness for what it is."
—D. A. Carson, Research Professor of New Testament, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School
Pages 250, Paperback